Formulation engineering of water-in-oil-in-water emulsions for salt reduction with sucrose oleate as a PGPR-alternative lipophilic emulsifier

Sucrose oleate was assessed as an alternative lipophilic emulsifier to polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) for the stabilisation of internal aqueous phase a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion formulation designed salt release from during oral processing. A water-in-oil (30 g water/100 oil), containing internalised solution (1.5 salt/100 g), successfully incorporated droplets into external (0.5 g) with in-situ gelatinised waxy rice starch (WRS) stabilising oil droplet interface. The sucrose ester stabilised were aggregated, and this microstructure carried over emulsion. PGPR showed no evidence aggregation, primary size smaller. Mean comparable, slightly increasing 3-months observation period. Nevertheless, encapsulation efficiency, reducing by around 10% 3-months, well in vitro release, 20%, comparable. This study demonstrated that SE O-170 is viable w/o/w emulsions